The ōguchi-hakama ( 大口袴) are red under-pants, with closed crotch, tied off on the wearer's left. Ōguchi-hakama, Uenobakama īoth ōguchi-hakama and uenobakama are simultaneously worn with the courtly attire of sokutai ( 束帯). These techniques makes the cloth glossy and the pattern very small-scale and precise. The silk strands are not twisted, and are treated in lye. Traditionally, the weft is woven wet, and beaten firmly into place to make it denser. Traditionally made of silk, sendaihira hakama are sometimes made with blends. In cooler weather, a montsuki haori (long jacket) with a white haori-himo ( haori-fastener) completes the outfit. These are worn with black montsuki kimono (kimono with one, three, or five family crests on the back, chest, and shoulders), white tabi (divided-toe socks), white nagajuban (under-kimono) and various types of footwear.
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The most formal type of men's hakama, sendaihira hakama, are made of stiff, striped silk, usually black and white, or black and navy blue.
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International students in formal montsuki-haori-hakama. For casual wear, men sometimes wear haori nagashi (kimono with just a haori and no hakama) or kinagashi (kimono alone, as for yukata). Solid and graduated ( ombré) colours are also common. While glossy black-and-white striped sendaihira hakama are usually worn with formal kimono, stripes in colours other than black, grey and white are worn with less formal wear. Hakama are worn with any type of kimono except yukata (light cotton summer kimono generally worn for relaxing, for sleeping or at festivals or summer outings). In addition to martial artists, hakama are also part of the everyday wear of Shinto kannushi, priests who maintain and perform services at shrines. As hakama are one of the most important parts of traditional male formal dress, sumo wrestlers are often seen wearing hakama when attending appropriately formal functions. Sumo wrestlers, who do not wear hakama in the context of their sport, are, however, required to wear traditional Japanese dress whenever they appear in public. Hakama are also regularly worn by practitioners of a variety of martial arts, such as kendo, iaido, taidō, aikido, jōdō, ryū-te, and kyūdō. While hakama used to be a required part of men's wear, nowadays typical Japanese men usually wear hakama only on extremely formal occasions and at tea ceremonies, weddings, and funerals. 1.3 Kamishimo: kataginu and naga-bakama.Historically, a boy would start wearing his first pair of hakama from the age of five, as commemorated in Shichi-Go-San a similar practice to this, called " breeching", was seen in Europe up until the Victorian age, where boys would from then on start to wear breeches instead of dresses, as a recognition of coming of age. Although they appear balanced, the arrangement of the front pleats (three to the right, two to the left) is asymmetrical, and as such is an example of asymmetry in Japanese aesthetics. Hakama, especially those for martial arts, may have seven deep pleats, two on the back and five on the front. Below that on the inside, there may be a hakama-dome ( 袴止め) (a spoon-shaped component sometimes referred to as a hera) which is tucked into the obi or himo at the rear, and helps to keep the hakama in place.
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The rear of the garment may have a rigid trapezoidal section, called a koshi-ita ( 腰板). Hakama are secured by four straps ( himo): two longer himo attached on either side of the front of the garment, and two shorter himo attached on either side of the rear. They are looser in the waist and narrower in the leg.
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A "mountain" or "field" type of umanori hakama was traditionally worn by field or forest workers. The umanori type have divided legs, similar to trousers. There are two types of hakama: divided umanori ( 馬乗り, "horse-riding hakama") and undivided andon bakama ( 行灯袴, "lantern hakama"). They are worn over a kimono specially adapted for wearing hakama, known as a hakamashita. Hakama are tied at the waist and fall approximately to the ankles. Originally stemming from kù ( simplified Chinese: 裤 traditional Chinese: 褲), the trousers worn by members of the Chinese imperial court in the Sui and Tang dynasties, this style was adopted by the Japanese in the form of hakama in the 6th century. Hakama ( 袴) are a type of traditional Japanese clothing. Two Shinto priests wearing hakama note lack of koshi-ita ( 腰板)